Tata Motors Ltd (NSE:TATAMOTORS) Q2 FY23 Earnings Concall dated Nov. 09, 2022
Corporate Participants:
Sneha Gavankar — General Manager, Mergers and Acquisitions
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Girish Wagh — Executive Director, Tata Motors
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Thierry Bollore — Chief Executive Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Ben Birgbauer — Treasurer, Jaguar Land Rover
Presentation:
Operator
Welcome to the Tata Motors’ Q2 FY ’23 Earnings Conference Call. I’m joined today by Mr. Thierry Bollore, CEO Jaguar Land Rover; Mr PB Balaji, Group CFO, Tata Motors; Mr. Girish Wagh, Executive Director, Tata Motors; Mr. Shailesh Chandra, MD, Tata Motors, Passenger Vehicles and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited; Mr. Adrian Mardell, CFO, Jaguar Land Rover; and my colleagues from the Investor Relations team.
Today, we plan to walk you through the earnings presentation followed by Q&A. [Operator Instructions] And we will be taking questions via the Team’s platform, which is already open for you to submit your questions. You are requested to mentioned your name and the name of your organization while submitting the questions.
I now hand over to Balaji to begin the presentation.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. Good day, everybody. Thanks for taking the time to join this session. As is customary, we’ll try and keep a fair clip in terms of going through the slides and pointing out the key highlights. And then look forward to taking on the Q&A at the subsequent stage. Next question — next slide, please. So the standard Safe Harbor statement. The only call out I would say is the segments automotive segment, just to reiterate, we have done this, no change from last time, but just to confirm. When we say, Tata Commercial Vehicles is all things commercial vehicles wherever Tata branded commercial vehicles are run.
Similarly, passenger vehicles all Tata branded passenger vehicles, Jaguar Land Rover and vehicle financing as a four automotive verticals and, of course, others which is the remaining segments. So, these are the segments, no change there.
Next slide. Well, again, an intense quarter this year, in India the commercial vehicle space saw a flurry of activity, with multiple launches in the medium and heavy light commercial vehicle. And a full range of pickups that were launched. In the passenger vehicle space, the big one was the Tiago EV launch, which was a blockbuster opening of 10,000 vehicles, which I’m sure Shailesh going to talk about later. On the JLR side, the key move was the stabilization and the ramping up of production of Range Rover and Range Rover Sports that we had committed to. The order bank, of course, grew to a record 205,000 vehicles and the chip suppliers continue to create trouble for us, but as we start signing more-and-more partnership agreements, we do expect to see this evening and I’m sure, Adrian, is going to cover that subsequently.
Next slide, please. Before I get started, a key corporatee action that was announced today, Tata Motors intends to voluntarily delist its American Depositary Receipts shared from the New York Stock Exchange. As objectives of this, these were originally listed in 2004 are no longer relevant. There is a consistent drop in the participation the ADS program and it’s now less than 5% of the ordinary shares. And we will file for a voluntary delisting of the ADS in Jan 2023 and also termini our depository program that we have with Citibank N.A. And once the ADS have been delisted from NYSE there will be no over-the-counter market trading of the ADS in the U.S. due to regulatory restrictions we have in India under the Indian law.
And therefore the holders will need to convert their ADS into underlying ordinary shares, but you have time till July 2023 to make that happen. And we expect to file for deregistration with the SEC in Jan 2024, a full 12 month-after the delisting for ceasing our U.S. reporting obligations. Obviously, the whole process is being done with an aim to simplify our financial reporting and also reduce administrative burden. There is no cash outflow for TML due to this.
Next slide, please. I’m happy to take any questions, which you may have on this subsequently. And then overall revenue we grew at about 29% with the Global Wholesales going up 33% and profit before-tax was a loss of INR1,800 crores, EBITDA went up 130 bps, EBIT of 390 bps and we had a free-cash flow breakeven about INR1,000 crores in the quarter. And the volume recovery was — and is fundamentally based on a better mix and lower breakevens, even though volumes lower-than-planned particularly at JLR.
Next slide, please. Where does this growth of 29% come from, 28% came from volume and mix and reassuringly a good 8% gain from price, which means we are able to take up prices in line with the inflation that is there in the market, which is also reflected in the results. Translation we lost a fair bit as the pound sterling depreciated vis-a-vis the Indian rupee. And from a profitability perspective, all businesses came to improve the profits, we had a challenge in Tata Motors Finance, which I will talk about later. And the net debt came in at INR59,900 crores. The good part is the external debt is now down to INR32,500 crores, almost INR20,000 crores is because of working capital, mostly in JLR, a little bit in Tata Motors as well, which we intend to sort out as the growth comes back into the business. So that’s overall from me.
Next slide, handing it over to Adrian for talking about JLR. Adrian over to you.
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, many thanks, Balaji. Next slide, if you would, please. Okay, so these are our KPIs. Top-left you can see retails did start to improve quarter-over-quarter, up 12% not yet back to last year’s levels, but I’ll show you the inventory build later in the presentation. So we’re confident we’re going to get there in the second half of the year. I’m going down the page, double-digit EBITDA for the first time in a few quarters, and again, we’re confident that’s going to continue going forward. The revenue, a dramatic year-over-year increase of 36%. Even though volumes were only up 17%.
So, what you’ll see in there is both an increase in volume and a substantial increase in mix of volume as a result of our Range Rover and Range Rover Sport vehicles now being presented to the marketplace that’s driven an EBIT positive in the quarter for the first time in those comparative two quarter. Substantial improvement of more than 5 percentage points. We were loss-making obviously all of that was non-EBIT and we will take you through the implications of exchange on our numbers later and we were close to cash breakeven, minus 15, substantially better than the comparative quarters with just 75,000 wholesales and all of that cash loss and more was actually working capital negative. So we’ve taken our breakeven underlying point down to 70,000 units, again which was the level we were at, at the end of last year that we didn’t think we will be able to get back to. So there is a lot of positive information underlying within this dataset.
Next slide, please. Okay, the only thing I really haven’t called out there is the order book, the order books is still very strong, more than 200,000 units. I’ll take you through the details of that. The breakthrough on Range Rover and Range Rover Sport production now at the end of September up to 2,000 units a week. Let me remind you when I talked to you in July, I was referencing 1,000 units per week. That’s a substantial increase there. The focus program continues to be value generative GBP300 million in the quarter, GBP550 million in the first half of the year. And our liquidity is strong, GBP3.7 billion cash plus the revolving credit facility, GBP5.2 billion in total.
Next slide, please. Okay, so these are the volume positions. I’ve talked the top right-hand side, the increases in the retail quarter-over-quarter and not surprisingly with those Range Rovers is now coming through all of that increase most of it is actually in the Range Rover brand. From a wholesale perspective, we did 75,000 wholesales, a lot lower than the 90,000 we were signaling in July. We were de-committed on semiconductors in September, had an impact both on September production and will actually flow into the September and the October wholesale basis that de-commitment is fixed, a long-term supply agreement is now in place with that source. So we do not expect further de-commitments from that source going forward. And again, the wholesale numbers would expect given the production increases on Range Rover and Range Rover Sport is all in our very rich Range Rover brand.
Next slide, please. This is the same data, but by region and as you know us well enough now. There were a lot of our Range Rovers is sold in North America and China. Therefore, it’s not super surprising and corroborative data the big increases quarter-over-quarter are in those two regions. In the retails and even more so in wholesales of course because our units flow from production to wholesale before retail. So again good corroborative information of the trend to come in increasing those new Range Rover products. Electrification is stable at 65%, stable on PHEV and BEV at 11%, we need more supply, particularly of those PHEV units, which will actually come onboard as we go through the next several quarters.
Next page, please. Okay, so our profit bridge, our profit walk versus last year. I mentioned a few things here. I mentioned them because they are important to this quarter, but they’re also important to the trends that you’re going to see in future quarters. So, you will see volumes at a higher level that was worth 120 million versus last year, you will see a significant improvement in mix just with the value we actually back to the markets in Q2 that was 300 million higher than last year.
Emissions was a last year credit, have not repeated this year, not a negative trend this year. Pricing, now those vehicles have come into the marketplace and VME, very low levels will both continue into the second half of the year and obviously, they’re intended to offset the inflationary costs you see there in material, which we suffered in the quarter versus last year. I have a slide on that later. So I will hold those comments till then. And the fixed costs are growing, but they’re growing from historical lows and this is still significantly lower than three years ago. They will lift a little bit as we go forward because we do now want to begin to accelerate our transformation programs in commercial, in digital and obviously we’re now scaling up our product engineering programs.
So, you will see these numbers continue going forward to be adverse versus last year, but still in historical lows. And I will talk about exchange on the next page.
Very complicated exchange at the moment. So we thought we’d take the opportunity to lay it out for you and hopefully kill all the questions you may have around it. First big point, our operation exchange is very positive, it will be. We’re a predominantly a UK-based manufacturer, exporting 80% of those vehicles and obviously for any exporter if your local currency for sterling is at a low value, you do very well this is a good operational model for us on exchange. Of course, you also know we protect ourselves of variability and downside risk on exchange and therefore a lot of our protection is coming towards negative versus a weak sterling, most of our dollar contracts ran around $1.30 and this will be with us for the next four to five quarters.
And then there was a big movement against sterling in the quarter. So you see that within the revaluation of total, it was GBP100 million in total versus last year. The dollar effectively moved from $1.21 down to $1.11. We have a lot of liabilities on our balance sheet for dollar-denominated and that’s what you’re seeing within here, but it’s a point-to-point adjustment reflecting a very weak sterling at the end of September. I think the bottom-left is really important, it gives you the, what happens next. We have GBP20 billion worth of hedging contracts, you see there we’ve shown those same three points, GBP20.1 billion at the end of September and if we were to strike those versus the $1.11 at the end of September there will be GBP2 billion of losses to come through.
Look at the memo below that shifted with sterling appreciation of just $0.04 in October dropped from GBP2 billion to GBP1.4 billion. And let me remind you again against the top-left our operational exchange will be bigger than our losses going through our income statement. And this is a theme that will continue with us over the next several quarters if we stay within this $1.10 to $1.15 sterling window which we seem to be into at the moment.
Next slide if you would. Okay, so this is the cash position we were cash negative of GBP15 million, but just take a look at the working capital it was GBP124 million of the GBP15 million. And therefore, again, we were underlying cash positive on just 75,000 units with an 18% MLA Range Rover, Range Rover Sport mix, which will grow going forward, of course. Effectively we paid for more units in the quarter than we wholesale to the market, our wholesale pipelines are starting to lift, which is a signal actually of a better supply flow. Just look at the brown box there, working capital negative over the last six quarters has been more than GBP2 billion now. As our volume start to increase and our mix is improved that will slowly start to unwind the other way. So we are confident, we’re at the low point on working capital and that will build back over the next six quarters.
Next slide, please. The breakeven, look, we’ve taken the breakeven down to historical lows again. In part because we’ve been tough on expenditure even though we’ve allowed some to grow. And parts of course, because volumes are bigger mostly because the mix is turning back to a more normal level of mix we would actually expect it’s getting back to mix as we would have had in Q3 last year and that will improve in the second half of the year. We do expect expenditures to increase because we do want to continue with our change programs, through to our reimagined strategy, which you are very clear about I am sure. But the mix will help offset the breakeven point to about 300,000 units full year. We feel we’re in a really good position in terms of the underlying structure of this organization under the resupply and the improving mix will both move in our favor as we go forward over the next several quarters.
Next slide, please. So this is investment, our investment was higher in Q2 than Q1, but still just just GBP526 million, few things to note engineering investment is increasing, as we’re now bringing more engineers in place to move to our electrified architectures that will continue over the next several quarters. We’re now beginning to capitalize more of those engineers. Because we have triggered a maturation in our architectures, which enables us to do so in line with our accounting policy which we’ve taken you through previously.
Overall, we’re at 40% engineering capitalization and let me remind you, we expect to be between 50% and 60% at some point going forward over the next cycle. Again, I’m referenced in three to four quarters often over that period you will see capitalization increase to those levels again.
Next slide, if you would, please. Okay, business update. Let’s talk semiconductors. Next slide, there we go, look, we’re now in a position to do the first phase of what other OEMs doing. We’ve got our new nameplates out there. our Range Rover and Range Rover Sports, they are our valuable assets, most valuable assets and we’re in — we have a position now we can start putting those chips into our most valuable assets. All of our OEMs have been doing that over the last 12 months, we’ve been in project changeover over the last 12 months. So, it’s not surprising the mix is improving in our favor and that will continue. So Phase 1 of the management of these challenges, we are now in a position to be able to do.
Phase 2, we have been working on for a long-time actually that’s engaging directly with the chip manufacturers, putting in place long-term supply agreements with them. We’ve again had breakthroughs over the last three months, including with the chip supplier, which de-committed us in September and we’re confident from those supply sources into calendar year ’23 on quarter four we for ourselves. And we continue to work to close out the residual items we have, we do have residual items left to close out. There is still a possibility we’ll be knocked, of course. But week by month, month-by-month we are starting to put in place a more robust, a more fit-for-purpose supply chain agreements with our resources. So, again we’re heading in a good direction, slower that we want to be, slower than others but we’re heading in a good direction here.
Next slide, please. And this is really, really good, right? So this is the New Range Rover and Range Rover Sport, it’s weekly production, I’ve given you the trend over the last five months. June was the last time we talked, we had the June data I referenced 1,000 units, you can see we improved as we went through the summer period, but the real breakthroughs were from September and that’s continued into October, this is weekly data.
So we are now building and shipping more than 2,000 cars a week, which means within a quarter MLA will soon once these cars get to their destinations, China and North America, in particular. We will soon be posting wholesales within a quarter into quarter four, quarter three some of those cars will be on water. But that would dramatically shift the mix of these units from sub-10% earlier in the year to 18% in quarter two, towards 30% and beyond for quarter three, quarter four. So that page in our profit bridge on both volume and mix will continue to be strongly positive as we go forward over the next several quarters, a really, really big breakthrough for us. And my compliments to the team, who have worked tirelessly for the last nine months to get us to this position.
Next slide, please. And this is our order book and of course, you’ll see straight away that the breakthrough in supply now starting to attack where our orders are. So our very Asian clients who have been waiting for these new vehicles for a long-time will soon start to receive handover of said vehicles. It’s grown over the quarter to 205,000 units. It’s starting to taper off as our fulfilled orders, our handovers to customers are increasing and our new orders, net of cancellations, you asked cancellations it’s within that data there just about the 90,000 level. We really have marketed these cars, ready their vehicles over the last 12 months because of supply, once supply starts to come through we have several tools and several weapons to drive up that new order intake, which we will actually do. But obviously, keep orders in place for longer than our clients wish for has been a consideration, which is why we’ve held off on those marketing campaigns over the last several quarters. This is starting to feel better balance and healthier and I don’t expect order totals to explode going forward like they have over the last five quarters.
Next slide, please. Okay, so health of our pipeline expressed with the finished vehicles. Two datasets here, the blue-black line, the one at the top that’s retailer inventory that’s vehicles with our retailers are waiting customer pickup. You can see the light-blue bar at the top that’s a normal level of activity. So in normal times that blue line should be within that top block, it was until May ’21, it’s fallen away dramatically. But the important point is it’s steadily lifting from about February, it steadily lifting to the point where we had 44,000 vehicles at dealers at the end of September awaiting customer pickup, these are sold cars. Waiting for people to handover, which is why our retail levels, as I mentioned earlier, will now start to grow.
Our own wholesale stock, the stock that we still own that’s in transit to dealers is actually in the gray line. And you can see that started to lift and you can see in September it fell away dramatically that was the supply de-commitment we’ve mentioned already, which did impact dramatically September production. Also impacted September wholesales, which is why mid-September and October wholesales, but we’re now back on track, our production levels are now working to the level we expected. And again, we do expect the gray line to be back in that gray section as we go through quarter three and quarter four. So we’re getting healthier, I’ve spend time on this. So it’s clear that our data starting to turn slower than we want, but in several corroborative data points.
Next slide, please. Okay, so inflation obviously is the other big thing, the big three supply, MLA and inflation. MLA is in a really nice place, the other to still work-in-progress. It’s broadly what we anticipated at the start of the year, we referenced up to GBP1 billion. This is first-half data GBP430 million and of course, our refocus program is there, not only to offset inflation, but to generate bottom-line value, it’s doing that. It generated GBP550 million in the first half of the year.
So we are positive cash GBP120 million. It’s mostly doing that in the commercial space. Pricing, lower variable marketing, lower wait times and therefore lower discounts going forward. We’re also starting to see the agile transformation come through and lower headcount and people costs and investment is lower in the first half of the year. How do I expect this to shape? I expect inflation to be with us, we know it’s going to be bigger and deeper than we thought six months ago. So this level of inflation feels about right in the second half of the year for us. I expect to refocus to continue at this level. We are reconfirming GBP1 billion plus full-year, but I expect the market performance to grow the cost of labor to be about the same and the investment to fall away as we start to increase our product engineering investments over the second half of the year.
Next slide, please. I think this is my final one. Next one. thank you. So the first-half metrics down the left-hand side. Look, what do we expect in the second half of the year, we expect our wholesales, our revenue-based volumes to be up about 10%. More in Q4 than Q3, as suppliers coming through, as MLA still building, they — those vehicles have to get to their revenue recognition points, which as you know some of those points to six weeks after built. So that will increase as we progressively go through month-by-month.
Revenue will be bigger than GBP10 billion where we see it today it’s closer to GBP11 billion. EBIT margin will be positive in the second half, in both quarters we anticipate, I’ve mentioned investment increases, but the full-year guidance around GBP2.3 billion. And you know what, we can get back the cash we didn’t get in the first half of the year. We know it’s all working capital. We think our trend of volumes is positive and therefore working capital will be positive and we’ve demonstrated for the last four quarters we’re underlying cash positive anyway. So we believe we can get back the cash we lost in the first half of the year, breakeven we’re writing but if you know us well enough we want to do better than that.
Key priorities of course it’s all about chips, chips and chips. It’s hard work for us, right? We were behind the clock it’s a bit like tune up to the buffet two weeks late, right, some of the stuff left and what you want, but we are bridging through this. We’re working tirelessly and we’re working in the right direction. Continue on New Range Rover and Range Rover Sport, which we’re doing. Volumes I’ve mentioned, refocus I’ve mentioned and also our intent to be positive, positive on the KPIs, EBIT and cash flow.
I think I’m back to you, Balaji.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you, Adrian. Moving quickly onto commercial vehicles. A change here, where we are moving to the registration VAHAN market shares in our reporting. And the other thing we’ll also notice in this is, traditionally we used to refer our internal metrics are on medium and heavy commercial vehicles, intermediate and light, small commercial vehicles and pickups, and then passenger vehicle that’s how it used to be. Since this is now we would love to ensure that it is as transparent and as easily pickup — you can pick it up from the VAHAN portal yourself and therefore we are reporting the numbers itself here as is whereas even in the splits that are there.
So here we did from a market-share perspective compared to 44.7%, we lost about 150 bps this year so far. And we are definitely looking at what is the right way to win in this marketplace in terms of shifting to a demand-pull business model. And I’m sure Girish is going to talk more about it in his section as well and the focus is on getting back to a double-digit EBITDA and profitable growth as soon as possible and you should see that playing out in the coming quarters.
Next slide, please. From our overall mix perspective, the only call-out here, I would say is, draw your attention to the CNG section, where in ILCV section, thanks to the way the CNG prices are starting to move up and the gap between diesel and CNG has come off quite sharply and you would see that in the salience, therefore of CNG in the overall segment actually come off quite sharply. We believe this is going to be temporary and once this thing international geopolitical situation stabilizes the growth in CNG should be coming back again.
Next slide, please. Overall numbers-wise, year-on-year growth of 35%. PBT positive INR300 crores, EBITDA year-on-year is 180 bps, but I would draw your attention to the sequential drop that you see. This is basically coming out of residue commodity inflation. This is the last of the price increases as we close the contracts, which we went through. So we do see reductions coming through from Q3 onwards and that’s already evident in our numbers from September October as we see. So this is what you see as a number there. And EBIT numbers, of course, 260 bps improvement and here quarter-on-quarter is more linked to the same number you saw on the EBITDA.
Next slide, please. Shape of where the drivers came from. You do see volume mix, I draw your attention to the realizations. It’s starting to now interpret about the variable cost increases. So we are seeing numbers coming in and this is on a year-on-year basis, therefore the increase you see. And what is also, from a commodity perspective, we did see a few challenges, particularly on the ForEx side, where with the international business, significantly coming down because of the global situation. We have to take out a fews covers, cancel a few covers, because the volumes are not supporting the covers there. That’s a lot of what you see there.
Next slide please. Girish, over to you.
Girish Wagh — Executive Director, Tata Motors
Yeah, thank you, Balaji. So I think Q2 had a healthy growth of around 40% over the Q2 of previous year. Of course, the Q2 previous year was also COVID impacted and I think from Q3 onwards with the improvement in the base, we will see normalization of the growth rates to a lower level. Balaji, spoke the EBIT margin was impacted due to residual impact of commodities, which was to the extent of almost 200 bps as also lower export mix. We were able to offset it partly with improved pricing and also some cost production actions.
We see a consistent growth in our spares and service penetration, which is a key focus area for us. And the non-vehicle business revenue grew by almost 50% for the entire first half as compared to the H1 of last year. Balaji spoke about the CNG salience coming down and it’s almost down to now 17% and 15% in ILCV and SCV respectively from a level of almost 45% and 18% in the same quarter last year. And this is because the difference between diesel and CNG price, which used to be almost INR44, INR45 has come down to now INR15.
Within the bright spots, I think — of course, I think the strong industry growth, especially led by m MHCV, of course, has a base effect of the last year. And the good thing is passenger vehicles, the buses have also come back pretty strong with good demand in school buses, employee transportation, and there’s also some demand coming in from SKUs now. I think with our consistent focus on ATL communication as well as digital for lead generation, I think you’ve seen a consistent gain in the net promoter score as also top of the mind brand awareness and consideration by almost 100, 200 and 300 bps, respectively. And they are now at a highest ever level. So I think our strategy of therefore increasing the brand salience is working in the right direction, which is going to support our retail acceleration initiative.
We also strengthen our product play with launch of more than 30 new products in 70 variants. And within that, I think in quarter two, we did launch our new range of pickups as also a range of smart trucks, including, some of the first in the industry safety features. The semiconductor situation has eased further, although it remains on our radar. And in addition to that, we are also keeping a track of the new semiconductors, which will get introduced in the vehicle when we migrate to BSVI Phase 2 as also saw the electric vehicles there, we are going to ramp up the production. Going ahead, clearly, the focus will be on retail acceleration and track the VAHAN share, which will also, therefore, help us to maintain theories at healthy level within the system as we gear up for the BSVI Phase 2 transition.
Strong focus on margin improvement will continue through sustained market operating price increases. So I think what we’ve been doing is reducing the discount and increasing the market operating price and not touching the max retail price, which is there. And in addition to that, I think we also had a very good first half in terms of cost reduction, almost the best performance ever on cost reduction. We will continue to engage with the key financials as also the other stakeholders, especially with the kind of MOP correction that we are taking and also with the rising interest rate need to ensure that we provide all the right solutions for our customers, both retail as well as the key accounts.
Readiness for BSVI Phase 2, that is real world driving emissions is absolutely key and there’s a lot of focus within organization and we remain on track for this transition from April ’23. As Balaji mentioned in the international markets, I think, the total industry volume has declined sharply and I think our focus has been clear on maintaining market shares, margins as well as the channel health. I think within this we have seen a sharp decline in Sri Lanka, followed by Nepal and even Bangladesh and also Sub-Saharan Africa has declined by around 10%. Next.
Coming to our future businesses update. On the electric mobility, I think, we have been able to complete the in-market trials of ACE electric vehicle with our leading e-commerce customers at two locations in the country. I think the product has delivered very well in terms of range and the load it can carry and seems to have a significant competitor advantage over the current solutions. I think, we should be starting actual deliveries within this quarter. We are also getting up not just the operations, but also supply chain for the new set of orders that we have for electric buses also. This is, I’m referring to the CSL Phase 1 tender, which we had won for around 3,600 numbers. There’s a bit of a change in that likely to happen, but otherwise, we are gearing up for start of supply of this buses from Q1 of next year.
In terms of our smart city mobility solutions, in the last quarter, we completed delivery of 100 more electric buses to Delhi Transport Corporation. And with this now the total e-bus split has covered more than 51 million kilometers cumulative. We — as I said, we received LOA, letter of acceptance from about 3,600 buses from Delhi, Calcutta and Bangalore as a part of the Phase 1 tender. The Calcutta one is being reviewed in light of the recent court order, which has come in this regard. In addition to this, we — there was a new tender which was floated by Jammu and Kashmir for 200 e buses, for own and operate model, which we have won. And even this buses — delivery of these buses we will start during the next year. So we have a healthy order pipeline, not just from the tenders from the government, but also from private sector, especially for employee transportation in corporates.
I think amongst the fleets we have been able to deliver more than 96% up time across the buses, which is better than what we’ve committed in the contracts. The total revenue from this business in H1 has now cost crossed INR200 crores. So that’s where we are in terms of revenue from this new business line. On digital front, I think, Fleet edge continues to do a pretty well, now we have more than 290,000 trucks — connected trucks on the road, and within that we’ve seen more than almost 80% active users now with good usage during the day.
During the last quarter, we launched the Minimum Viable Product 2 on Fleet edge, which includes a lot of new features and reports for the customers and the fleet owners as well as their workshop managers. And they see a lot of value coming in from these reports and insight, which will help them to improve their total cost of operation.
Lastly, E-dukaan, which is our online spare parts marketplace has been doing pretty well. In fact, in H1 the revenue has grown three times from what we had achieved in H1 of ’22. So, I think, we continue to build the backend and then have more and more customers coming onto this app, which will help us to grow this revenue at similar rate.
So that’s about CV. Back to you, Balaji.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Girish. Moving on to passenger vehicles, a pretty strong quarter coming through 57% retail growth and domestic market share steady at 14% and 8% EV penetration, 10% CNG penetration. Those are the key highlights.
Next slide. EV side, I think, the firist strongest quarter that we have had, we are now at almost 88% market share. And more than that the penetration are now continuing to increase, charging infra is continuing to increase. So we do expect to see this continuing to drive penetration up. Next slide. On the financials, 71% revenue growth, PBT break even again and EBITDA was down 70 bps, but a lot of it the same — two reasons here, on a sequential drop. One is the residual commodity inflation there. And the other was a one-off that was taken in this quarter, which will correct in the subsequent quarters. So no major concern there. We continue to keep this profitability improving, EBIT of 200 bps.
Let me it handover to Shailesh for — on the financial this is what I just referred to. I think on a year-on-year basis volume, realizations continuing to increase. There still scope of pricing. We just put through a pricing in the 1st of November. And, of course, from a overall perspective, the one that I would want to draw your attention to is the depreciation and amortization where given the — taking more into the P&L than to the balance sheet and on the commodities, the hedges are paying off at this point in time as the currency depreciates.
Next slide. Shailesh, over to you.
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Yeah, thank you. Let me start with the key highlights of the industry first. In quarter two, the industry wholesale reached the highest ever, crossing 1 million mark with a very healthy growth rate of 38% year-on-year. As we know that last year the base was low because of semiconductor issues that the industry was facing. Segmental trend continue to go strong in favor of SUVs. So SUVs further increased their share in the total TIV, whereas hatches continue to see significant decline. As far as Tata Motors is concerned, we further our market share in H1, 14.1% as compared to 12.1% in FY ”22 and in PD and EV the business grew by 84% and 371%, respectively. It was of course the highest-ever offtake for us in quarter two. We maintained our number one SUV position, as well as Nexon also retained its number one SUV position among the 40-plus SUV models that we have in the industry.
EV also posted its highest-ever quarterly sales at 12,000 plus with a market share of 87%. Balaji talked about the launch of Tiago EV and a very strong response that we got on the first day of opening the booking. First 10,000 in the first day itself. And so far we have received very, very healthy bookings for Tiago EV even while the customers have not tested the car. So very, very encouraging response seen for Tiago EV. Talking about the bright spot that we foresee in quarter three, we believe that industry will sustain the momentum what we have been seeing in the past quarters. The focus in this quarter for the industry would be retail. There will be moderation in offtake as all the players would like to reduce the channel inventory as we are approaching the calendar year-end.
Also semiconductor supplies have been strong and we have seen that’s the reason why last quarter there was 1 million supplies in the industry. And this quarter also we don’t see a major issue because of semiconductor supplies. As far as Tata Motors is concerned across all the models we are seeing the demand remaining strong, because of a strong customer appeal for our products. There has been consistency in supplies and you have seen quarter-after-quarter we have been sequentially growing our supplies, also we debottleneck some of the capacities in our existing plants. So it is therefore going to support the demand well and we’ll see strong growth trajectory as far as EV is concerned.
Challenges in the industry would be now preparing towards a transition to the new emission norms from April 2023. So the work will start from now. And market growth is going to normalize, as I mentioned, especially in this quarter as the effort would be to reduce the channel inventory. So how we are planning to work on the challenge? I think, as far as demand is concerned, we’ll continue sustained initiatives at micromarket level for different products. We also start transitioning to be BSVI Phase 2 from quarter three end itself and hopefully quarter four will be a seamless transition for us. And there is a clear glide part that we have created for our profitability improvement using nine levers and that is also pretty much on track and there’s a very strong rigor as far as execution of this aspect is concerned.
Back to you, Balaji.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. Thanks, Shailesh. Next slide. Overall, CV and PV on the cash side, the cash profit after tax and investments very well funded. So the business is generating the cash needs to invest and you can see the working capital changes flow through as growth comes up is what I would expect to see in JLR as well as growth comes back. So we still have a way to go to knock off INR2,600 crores on a full year basis. And I’m sure as a year progressors will get back those numbers as well.
Next slide, please. Investment spending to be up to INR6,000 crores and FCF will still remain positive that’s a broad message here. Next slide. We’ll take a minute on Tata Motors Finance, we had an AUM of INR46,000 crores, but I do draw your attention to the GNPA line of 8.5%. Before the two commences, one is TMF and TMFSL, the two NBFCs are classified as middle layer by RBI. And the process to demerge the NBFC business will combine the two Tata Motors Finance and Tata Motors Finance Solution. It’ll consolidate and simplify the group. Very similar message to the ADR message, as I said earlier. So that’s on the corporate side.
But the main one is the central line, which is the point related to the sharp slippages that we’ve seen in the restructured portfolio, COVID-linked stuff that is there. The underlying portfolio is pretty healthy and continuing to do well, but the restructured portfolio is something that has seen a sharp slippages and therefore we will be monitoring this closely and that’s why you see the loss this quarter as well. So this is something that does concern us and we will aim to therefore tweak some of the approaches in Tata Motors Finance to focus squarely on improving sourcing quality and underlying business to offset some of this. And also stepping up the targeted collections that we have there. So — but at the same time, capital adequacy is fine, the debt equity ratios are fine, liquidity is fine, so we just have to ensure that the execution on the ground in Tata Motors Finance steps up further and the team is on message to get that done.
Next slide, please. Overall the outlook, I’ll pause here, particularly, on the top point demand remains strong for now and will remain a key monitorable because the geopolitical uncertainties are pretty large and wouldn’t want to be complacent as far as demand is concerned. At the same time, no worries at this point in time. So we remain watchful. Chip supplies as Adrian indicated earlier will improve further there. India, we don’t see a concern and therefore the volumes will continue to ramp up steadily.
In India definitely and JLR as well cooling commodity prices will aid improvement in underlying margins and we do expect to deliver strong improvement in EBIT and free cash flows in H2. JLR, we already talked about, coming to Tata Motors priorities, definitely delivering market-beating revenue growth. So product innovation, service quality and the new demand-pull model is going to be a very important one. And a sharp improvement in realization in EBITDA margins is what the business is focused on. And we are already starting to see the first successes of that. And we will deliver, as far as PV is concerned, market-beating growth and continuing steady improvement in profitability and cash flows. And as far as EV it’s about driving penetration.
So this is what we had to say.
Questions and Answers:
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
There’s a flurry of questions that have already landed up. Let me try and lump them together because it’s going to be — it’ll be a fair amount of repetition. There’s a broad set of teams, Adrian, coming your way. One related to chip supplies and the theme of, when the global chip supplies are actually starting to ease? Why are we doing long-term contracts? So that one kind of questions that are there. Second is, now that you have secure chip supplies, are we — the 80k, 160k production for second half — wholesale for second half that you signal is it on the conservator side? And thirdly, will that also mean that the margins that we are also putting out there is on the conservator side? So these are the — I think there’s one theme around semiconductor that I see, if you could pick that in the meanwhile. Let me try and summarize other questions as well. Over to you, Adrian.
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, sure. Thierry will answer the semiconductors and then I’ll go into the profitability stuff afterwards.
Thierry Bollore — Chief Executive Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah. Well, good afternoon. Good morning, everyone. I think this chip supply is absolutely fundamental to understand that we have almost finalized all our long-term supply agreements. But it is very clear that if you miss one, it’s enough to create a problem that we have had and that Adrian explained in September. The good news is that now we have finalized all our supply agreements and — but let’s take the example of the last one that we could sign, it’s going to be effective by calendar year 2023, which means that we can see already very positive signs in the way we are dealing with our problems in an effective manner. That’s why we are very confident of our ramp-up. But the full effect of this long-term agreement is going to come into action gradually with the global supply base and with our Tier 1.
So that’s the reason why it’s a gradual improvement and we should not also forget that the crisis supply in terms of chips is really in crisis in our sector. So we can see improvements, but it’s going to continue when I’m discussing with the CEOs of all the industry. It’s going to continue in the coming years. It’s not a matter of months or quarters, but it’s going to be a matter of yours before we come back to a situation, which is much more normal that what we can see today.
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
And if you let me build from that theme into the second half of the yea, one thing that is we’re more certain of supply from January than we are from October. I told you earlier in the presentation that we were decommitted in September and that carried through into our production in wholesale into October, which is this quarter. So it’s reasonable for you to assume 160,000 in the second half of the year. We’ve guided you, it’ll be stronger volume in quarter four, A, from January than in quarter three. What we’re seeing from an overall volume position in quarter three is a little bit better than Q2, but not a dramatic improvement.
However, our mix, because of the units we’re now able to build within FA3 and [indecipherable] will improve and therefore total units in Q3 will be modestly increased, but average selling price and average revenue per unit will increase a lot above the GBP70,000 per unit level, which we started to see towards the end of September. So that’s what you’re going to see over the next three months. With then an increase in supply in our quarter four, balances out to the 160,000 units. Don’t forget, we don’t wanna put a number out there that we’re having to explain why we didn’t do either.
So a part of this is learning from our Q2 experience because Thierry’s other advice is that a point in time you can actually be decommitted outside of your expectations and it just takes one part for us not to be able to complete and ship a vehicle. So that’s why the guidance you are seeing in the second half of the year and the intent behind what we’re trying to do here and the complexity that there still is for ourselves and for everybody else in the automotive industry, by the way.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thanks, Adrian. I think, let’s probably take the other two questions also coming your way, which then takes this to the next logical question saying that, what are the reduction in production and cash flow guidance in JLR mean for our FY ’24 guidance of becoming debt free? And how do you see the revised guidance?
Let me take that. I think the — at this point in time, the net debt — near net debt-free target remains as it is. We’re not changing it simply because we don’t want to update it every now and then, but we do understand the stretch that is there in trying to get there. So, obviously, we will work at or look at all options as far as trying to see how close we can get to that. I think the better time to do this discussion would be at the end of the financial year, as we are able to see as Adrian and Thierry talked about, Q3 is a transition period and then Q4 is when the full calendar year benefits come through as well. That will give us the better time in terms to talk about it.
So we are aware of the challenges to get there. At the same time, wouldn’t wanna run ahead of ourselves in terms of putting a number out there. So that’s on the net deck.
Related point on this, in terms of your funding Adrian, does it also mean that you may be coming to the bond market sooner rather than later in terms of taking care of this 1 billion that is currently not in your plan?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Thanks, Balaji. Ben, what are your thoughts?
Ben Birgbauer — Treasurer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, no, I’m happy to pick that one up. So we did end the quarter at GBP3.7 billion of cash and that does include buffer for unforeseen cash requirements or to cover maturities if we don’t want to go to the market at the time. So we already gave guidance that we would be significantly cash flow positive in the second half of the year and we have about GBP800 million of bonds maturing in February and March. And basically, the guidance that was put on the page you saw was GBP750 million. So that would about cover it and say you really wouldn’t be eating into the buffer. We could do scenario planning and say what would happen if that didn’t happen, but I think that what would happen is we just use some of the buffer. And I think we are in a situation where, yes, over time we’ll always wanna maintain that buffer and maintain good liquidity. But rates in the market right now are not very attractive and I think we do have flexibility for the reasons that I just said to wait until we see rates that are more attractive to us to issue at.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Let me turn to India. I think there are questions coming through on the profitability of the Indian business. The Indian business margins. I think this comes from, Gunjan, Bank of America. The Indian business margins have declined sequentially in both segments despite prices hikes and better operating leverage. How should this pan out ahead? What sort of metal corrections, tailwinds that we expect in second half if you can quantify?
I think, let me take that question. Gunjan, I think, if I see PV and CV individually close to about 70 odd bps of residue inflation came through in this current quarter in our overall profitability, which we expect to actually neutralize and turn and actually go forward, start giving credits in Q3 and beyond. We do, as I said earlier itself, the intention is for the CV business to get to as close to double-digit EBITDA the earliest and PV will continue to have a steady improvement in profitability going forward, for which commodities is one of the levers.
But it’s fair to say that the operating leverage from a PV perspective is now used to the limit and we would want to now see the contribution margins and mix continuing to play. And keep improving and there’s enough and more opportunities on that front. So that’s what we see is from an improvement perspective.
Other thing on the PV we should keep in mind, I think we’ve lost — not lost, I think that we have taken a charge, one-off charge of almost about 50 odds bps this quarter on the related to the SKU obsolescent issues that are there and those are sitting in the underlying business but they’re one-offs and should not repeat going forward. So that’s on the profitability side.
Girish, this one coming your way. I think, when you see CV margins, they’re very weak despite industry volumes, just for an industry itself being very weak. So can CV business margin reach double-digit? Are they closer to double-digit, like let’s say 9%, kind of a close double digit there? How do you see the profitability of the industries?
Girish Wagh — Executive Director, Tata Motors
Yeah, so I think, as Balaji mentioned, we as market leader have actually taken this upon ourselves to increase the realizations from the market and that’s a big change that we’ve done in towards second half of Q2 and we have been increasing our market operating prices, with which we will see that the margin should improve. And as Balaji mentioned, I think our target will remain to get to a double-digit margin EBITDA. And I think the good thing right now is the transporter sentiment index we do see remains quite positive, which is good. So the demand is going to be there.
We also see that the fleet utilizations are good, freight rates are also at a good level. So despite the increases in diesel prices and the vehicle prices at whatever level they are, the transporter profitability is intact. So this should help us to firm up the realizations as we go ahead and with commodities tapering off and our cost reduction actions, I think we should be getting towards our double-digit EBITDA target.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Again, a question to both Shailesh and Girish in terms of BSVI Phase 2, what kind of cost inflation can we expect?
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
So I can say at this juncture that the cost increases for the BSVI Phase 2 are going to be lower than what we had seen in the BSIV to BSVI transition. So in terms of price increases, therefore it maybe lower than what we had to take from BSIV to BSVI. I think it depends upon the technology also, but the statement that I’m making is applicable to most part of the diesel portfolio. That’s where we are. I think we obviously, are very light on gasoline. There is only one product in gasoline. But gasoline anyway will have much lower cost impact. So that’s where we are in terms of cost impact due to RD migration.
Girish Wagh — Executive Director, Tata Motors
Similar response. I think, the transition that we had seen earlier from BSIV to BSVI it was a double-digit kind of an increase. As far as price was concerned, you’re not going to see that kind of a price increase in this time. And diesel, when specifically talk about diesel because that gets impacted the most, but you’ll see different kind of cost increases for different manufacturers depending on the technology selection curve. So that’s what we now see going forward, but it’s not going to be as significant increase as we had seen from BSIV to BSVI.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Adrian, this is coming your way. Given that lot of your cash outflows coming out of working capital, the fact that you’re now guiding to 160,000 volume with semiconductors having taped up is that number conservative? Number one, which you answered in part, but its implication on cash flows given that working capital rewind should give you better benefits going forward. Are we being conservative on the cash flow?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah. Okay. Thanks, Balaji. So are we being conservative on the cash flows, there’s two, three things happening into the second half of the year within there. One is, and all of them I’ve actually referenced on the call, but it’s good to play it back in terms of the data here. One is, we’ll be building more cars and therefore working capital will start to turn in our favor. Ultimately, it depends on how many cars we build in the last six weeks of the year, of course, right? So — but our assumption is we will build more cars over the end of Q4 than we’re building at the end of Q2. Therefore there will be a working capital turn in our favor in the second half of the year. There’s a mix improvement. So even though volumes aren’t as high as some people wish, the mix improvement and the value per unit and the average selling price will grow as well. All of those things will be positive.
I’ve also said to you on the call is we expect investments to increase in the second half year in two or three places, one of which is the optical investment number, which the guidance we’ve given you is GBP200 million higher in the second half of the year than the first half of the year. With supply starting to improve, we’re also anticipating improving other investments like fixed marketing to generate more orders, which we are deliberately not generating today because of the size of the order banks. And we will also allow expenditures to grow in other places alongside our digital transformation.
So our spend will grow and our cash receipts will grow and it will net out to the flavor of the 750 you see there. I am not consciously and deliberately being conservative, although we’re being very balance and is possible to overachieve those numbers, should we get more supply or more of our units to end destination before the end of March.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. Adrian, one more coming your way. This is on the order inflow. Q2 seems to be around 93k lower than the 100k plus that you were reporting in the previous quarters. So the broader question that’s coming through is, is this because of a demand slow down or is it because the long wait periods? What’s causing this throughput rate to come down and therefore how are we seeing the cancellation rates as well as overall demand environment?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, okay. So we are about 10,000 units lower than we were by quarter earlier, earlier in the year. Obviously, a part of that is the reasons I’ve just said we’re not stimulating new demand. But what you are also seeing in the absence of that stimulation in demand is, the aggressive increases in orders for New Range Rover, for example, have started to flatten off and we’re building more of those units as well. So that’s what you are seeing here. You are seeing the original spike launch of New Range Rover now starting to flatten off. There has been no marketing spend behind that vehicle at all advertising or indeed variable marketing. So there’s plenty of opportunities for us to stimulate that demand.
The other thing you are seeing, we’re starting as the Range Rover Sport is becoming visible into the marketplace, you actually see the database increase Range Rover Sport orders as we go month by month in the second half of the year. So we’re waiting and watching to see whether it naturally because of that second reason gets to 100,000 or whether we actually need to start to stimulate some of that demand. And the fourth reason is that we know dealers are holding back on some orders at this point because we don’t have delivery times for them. So when you put that flavor together, Balaji, we are super confident we are going to stimulate orders more than 100,000 going forward once we get the supply.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. I will leave you with a teaser on pension that’s going to come your way, but let me before that move to Shailesh. Two questions, Shailesh, on EVs in particular one, value proposition of EVs how is it than hybrids? So that’s one. And second EV margins, the impact of EV and the overall margins of PV. Can you talk about these two?
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Sure. So, as far as EV is concerned, the way the ramp-up we have seen in terms of demand of EVs and Tiago is one big example. First day getting 10,000 bookings, we had never seen this kind of a response even for some of our very successful ICE cars clearly shows that it is being well understood, and the strength of the value proposition, not only versus hybrid, but I’m saying versus normal ICE vehicles also. The biggest proposition here is the low operating cost and the low operating cost is really translating into big benefits in terms of annual saving and therefore the justification for the premium that you have to pay for EVs.
It is a very smooth automatic transmission vehicle at the same time, for which it is being appreciated. And also in terms of performance and drivability pressure, it is proving to be much superior. And of course, there’s a changing mindset and greater trend of younger population also to move towards more greener vehicles and be responsible to the environment. All these trends make it a very strong proposition and we’re clearly seeing that translating into demand. So this is answer to the first question.
The second question was on margin. I would say that margin of EVs is not very different than what we see for the ICE segment in PV. And this should further from next financial year as the PRI benefits also start coming in.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Maybe I’ll just have you there for a minute. In terms of your volume outlook for domestic PV, now that the pent up demand is more or less met up and semiconductor situation is normalized, how do you see it? One question. And second in terms of how do you expect to gain market share going forward on the PV business?
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Sure. So as far as this H2 is concerned, H1 itself was very strong and we saw nearly 1.9 million vehicle which got sold in H1. Typically you would see a 48-52 kind of a ratio between H1 and H2, this time you’re gonna see nearly 50-50 kind of a ratio. So it’s going to be a very strong year, highest ever industry volume is what we are going to witness in this financial year, possibly going up to 3.8 million plus. And therefore, I don’t see right now the demand really going down, except that you’ll see moderation on offtake this quarter and then it should again pick up in the next quarter. Not to the full extent I would say because of the transition from BSVI Phase 1 to Phase 2, but still it’ll be good enough to do similar kind of volume as we have seen for the H1.
Definitely then the question will be in FY ’24, whether you’ll have similar kind of growth. I would not expect that because a lot of pent-up has got released already in H1. And therefore now it’ll be more triggered through the new launches and there will be segments, which might get impacted, which will be mostly the entry segment as there will be some price increases coming because of some regulations, which are gonna hit, which is one, the Phase 2 RD. And then the safety regulations, which will also hit in October ’23. So I think, FY ’24, I would just hold my comment right now because I also — we have also then triangulate based on what projections we are going see from various agencies.
What was the second question, Balaji?
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
EV margins, you have covered it.
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
I have covered it.
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Let probably take the comment, Adrian, coming your way. JLR pension liability situation of the provision needed due to the bond deal changes. You want to pick it up?
Ben Birgbauer — Treasurer, Jaguar Land Rover
So Balaji, Adrian asked me to pick this one up. So I think this question is relating to the extreme volatility we saw in guilt price — in guilt yields following the mini budget that was announced in the UK in late September. And that did cause liquidity challenges for pension plans in the UK because they have interest rate hedging arrangements and they had to post collateral against those interest rate hedging arrangements. And JLR was no different. We did see increased collateral requirements in the pension plan related to our hedging arrangements, and we did take action in the pension plan to reduce the hedging levels and sell assets to cover those collateral requirements. And we acted very, very quickly when that came up.
So the pension plan remained liquid throughout the issue. Rates have, of course, normalized now. They had risen by 2 percentage points to something like 5.5% and they’re back now down into the mid-3 again. I think an important point here is that it was always a liquidity issue only, not a funding or solvency issue. And the ironic thing is, is that actually the pension plans of JLR, the accounting basis surplus actually rose from the end of Q1 to the end of Q2. So the accountant surplus is actually over GBP1 billion at the end of September and it was slightly under GBP1 billion at the end of June.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, thanks. Thanks, Ben. One more question on the JLR side. Other expenses to sales are flat quarter-on-quarter, not seeing any leverage gains. Any key drivers for that Adrian?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
No, not really. Look, I mean, the — even though we’ve broken through on MLA, we still only have 13,500 Range Rover, Range Rover Sport wholesale within quarter two. It was just 18% of the total volumes. So we will be stronger and better than that in the second half. Optically is incredibly powerful with that GBP300 million year-over-year, but we are not punching our full wage yet by any means on MLA. And that will actually increase the average revenue per unit and the total revenue in Q3 and therefore you may see a change as a counterweight to that.
I think I’ve already answered, we are going to start to lift some of those costs and some of those expenditures. And of course, the inflationary pressures in the second half of the year, particularly, on employee settlements will start to come in place to lift the costs as well. So I see a revenue lift, I see a cost lift, and broadly speaking, the balance between the two will be reasonably close going forward as we see it today, Balaji.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. One additional question is on the VME, do you see any pressure in China and EU on RR portfolio — not RR portfolio, sorry?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
No, I don’t. I mean particularly on the — as we buy or sell products towards the higher end of the business, the discounting of the higher end of the business is lower. And therefore again, it will be a part of the margin improvements, which we will start to do in the second half of the year, once free supply comes through and we start to build greater quantities of the smaller vehicles, the SUV 3s, that’s when I expect it to be more competitive and that’s when I expect BME to start increasing as an average and as a percentage of total revenue.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Okay. And one more question, before I move back into CV here. JLR has — the revised date settlement at JLR has it been reflected in this quarter’s results? One. And two, timeline for the debt repayment of the GBP1.7 billion in ’23?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah. So the wage settlement is effective from Q3. So there’s no impact earlier in the year on this reported period that will kick in in the second half of the year. And as a part of the explanation, even though I recognize some of that will go into the margin rather than other expenses. It was a part of the last explanation, but it’s in front of us rather than behind us. And the profiling of the debt kicks in, in February and between February and June there’s 1.5 billion in sterling equivalent that we pay back.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Okay. Second, now this coming back into India, Shailesh, customer profile of the Tiago EV bookings versus Nexon, any interesting anecdotes there and are they first-time buyers? What are the mix first car versus the second car?
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
We would not have that clear picture of Tiago, but for Nexon I won’t have the split of first only car, but between only car and primary car, it is really 70%, which has grown significantly for what it used to be, it used to be 25%. Otherwise, it was generally a second car. People who are now using the Nexon EV buyers who are using it as the only car or primary car is nearly now 65% to 70%.
On Tiago EV we have only regional kind of a mix, which is very strong. We have seen in states like Kerala, Gujarat, NCR, Rajasthan and these kind of places in Telengana. So, pretty, I would say, similar kind of states where we had been selling, but also some of the states in East have also started showing interest in EV. So that’s what we have so far information on Tiago.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. I think there’s one question that’s coming back again and again. So let me pick it up in terms of what are the reasons for lower profitability of CV and EV despite better volume. And I think there’s an — talk questions into how much is the commodity impact for the current quarter. How is it likely to change the next quarter?
I think, let me cut the problem into two. As far as CV is concerned, the main reason that we had the residual commodity increases, the last lap of it, which is just the way negotiations close. They just overflow into July, August and those are now settled and completed and we should see the decrease coming from Q3 onward. That’s how the negotiations happen. Additionally, on top of it in CV going forward, we should also see realizations increase as we move to a demand-pull strategy. So that will also keep increasing the comfortability and therefore we would expect by Q3 this business to ramp up in terms profitability and intention is to get as close to double-digit as soon as possible. So that is the plan there.
Coming to PV, yes, the residual impact is also there in that, but on top of it, there are also one-offs which we have taken with respect to obsolescence that we had to write off, and that’s almost 50 bps of write-offs that got taken there. So those are the two reasons why the profitability came down and both are now behind us and therefore, that’s something that we should expect to see the things changing here on.
So moving into a set of questions that are coming in terms of ADRs, DVRs basically saying that if we simplified the structures through de-listing the ADRs, what are the plans on DVRs?
At this point in time there are no plans, and as and when there is something coming up, we’ll definitely share it with you.
In terms of CapEx in India, First half of the year we have spent about INR15 billion, but we’re guiding for about INR16 billion. What is our current plan? I think this is up to INR60 billion is what we have said INR6,000 crores. And we do have plans that are rear-ended. Typically, that’s how it invariably happens as the proposals clear. We will keep a close watch on it and we’ll spend, as is prudent and rest assured we are not cringing on investments and the intention is to keep supporting the growth there.
I think one question coming your way, Adrian, Euro 6 emissions that are there, are there any additional expenses that we have to undergo to meet the new emission norms?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, well, the Euro 6 legislation is behind us Balaji. So, I think, we are looking ahead towards Euro 7 at this point in time, which I’m told has been delayed by 24 hour announcements until later this week. So, I think, the E7 ones are the ones we’re looking forward to. If they get confirmed in the timeline, then there will be additional expenditures, which will be contained within our investment targets we give you going forward.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Okay. So, Ben, one coming your way, given the pound deposition against INR, shouldn’t there be an exceptional gain sitting in the P&L due to debt on the JLR books?
Is it, again — I don’t know it’s related to INR or is it USD that you’re referring to? Because JLR has its debt in USD. What you also see is there’s a translation impact of that not designated to P&L. And as far as the OCI is concerned, we do see it’s in the OCI in JLR. Ben, anything further you want to add assuming the question is vis-a-vis USD?
Ben Birgbauer — Treasurer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah, I mean, I think it’s harder for me to answer the question relative to INR. I guess all I can say is that I’d go back to the slide that we looked at earlier that showed exchange and basically it showed that the exposure benefit net of hedges was favorable about GBP55 million in the quarter, compared to a year ago. And we did have the revaluation on the debt. In the end of the day, debt is largely hedged, either by derivatives, by foreign currency cash holdings or in some instances designated against future revenue. So we don’t really — I really think about foreign exchange revaluation on net debt, including hedges and that is broadly neutral. We did then have about GBP90 million of balance sheet revaluation for other non-sterling liabilities that showed up in the income statement. It’s all on that slide that we looked at earlier.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
One question to you, Adrian, in terms of an announcement from another OEM related that the high inflation in Europe could result in moderation of demand next year, do you share this view or is there end desire this to volume or pricing given discounting currently is at a record low?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
Yeah. Okay, Balaji. I think, I touched on this actually when I talked through the VME explanation, right? For the larger vehicles, the Range Rover, Range Rover Sport coming through, we’re not seeing any discounting, we’re not seeing any fall off in demand. There is a flat lining of new orders but not a fall away of new orders. And the flat line is absolutely consistent with the profiles we have in the demand books, order books we have in place. I think once supply starts to free up for us above the level that we are currently indicating in the second half of the year, then we will be building more of the units, let me say in the SUV3 segments. I think those segments are more competitive always, from a support VME perspective, from a aggressiveness of supply of other OEM actions.
So I do expect higher VME at some point in time on those name plates, but clearly, we need the supply to build them at the moment. The ones where we will be building over the next six months in time, I don’t see this as a risk at all.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Okay. I think this question from on — a slightly different question, but again, linked to the high energy costs, is there a risk of shortage of components due to gas shortage or very high energy costs from vendors?
Adrian Mardell — Chief Financial Officer, Jaguar Land Rover
We’re not seeing any of that at the moment. We’re seeing cost increases flow through, of course, just to give you a sense of that, our base energy bills around GBP200 million a year and therefore, that’s certainly increasing. It’s in part in our first half year and it will be a reason I talked inflation earlier. I said the numbers broadly going to be the same. And if you put together the two responses we’ve given Balaji, the commodities are going to start to fall. But other cost categories, including utilities and including pay awards, will start to kick in, which is why I’m saying overall the costs will broadly be the same in the second half of the year it just come at us at different places.
We don’t see risk of supply at this point in time. Obviously, as a nation we are less reliant on supplies from Russia, of course. Most of our suppliers come from other places like Norway. We do have alternative supplies, particularly for the buildings outside of our processes, production processes like our paint shops. So we have other alternative for other sources. We don’t have gas storage if you wanted to get into gas storage. We know our facilities in Europe and how our governments in Europe do have a gas storage, which will get them through most versions simulated of a winter. So we are not actually expecting shortages of supply to impact our production facilities over the second half of the year. We haven’t seen any yet, but we are expecting cost increases is a summary of where we believe we’re going to be on gas in the second half of the year.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Yeah, thanks. I think the question on the Ford plant acquisition, Shailesh, when are we going to see production out of the Ford plants that we have acquired?
Just to clarify, we have not yet acquired. We will close the transaction. The intention is to close it by end of this financial year or early in the next year. Sorry, end of this calendar year or early in the new year. Everything points to that kind of timeline. So we have all systems go on that one production.
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Yeah, so, Balaji, so we are right now in the process of government approvals and all. So final stages of finalizing the model location mix, with changes now because whatever we produced in the other factories are going to relocate to some extent to this factory also. And the new EV models, which are gonna come. So FY ’24 is where we are going to see some start of the activity in the later part of FY ’24 is the current, what we say estimate, of when we’d be able to retool this plant for the new models, or for the models that we are going to shift to this factory and some of the new EVs which are gonna be made there.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Okay. There’s a question on — this probably I’ll take it. What — how important is JLA to Tata Motors and the wider group’s growth strategy and what level of support does the former envisage going forward?
I think it’s absolutely categorical, we made that many statements that JLR is absolutely core to Tata Motors and it enjoys, as much Tata with any other companies and therefore within in the group as well it’s a crown jewel and we’ll keep it that way.
In terms of an interesting question, post the launch of Tiago EV, do you see any pressure on Nexon EV, Shailesh?
Shailesh Chandra — Managing Director Tata Motors Passenger Vehicles Ltd and Tata Passenger Electric Mobility Limited
Thiago EV is a very different product segment with very new customers and so we don’t see any impact on the Nexon EV demand.
PB Balaji — Group Chief Financial Officer
Thank you. So maybe the last question unless something comes up now, this is on Tata Motors Finance, how much of the incremental loan formation is dependent on Tata Motors PV, CV, EV? What are the plan to improve the operation of Tata Motors Finance?
I think, let me take a few minutes to explain this one. There are a few things that we are working with Tata Motors Finance on. One is that the underlying business, which is the running portfolio is in a good quality, there’s no concern on the running portfolio, but we’d like to step it up further in terms of reducing the level of GNPA and ensure that we step up the quality of sourcing. Thereafter, of course, in parallel, we are also working to tighten the collections infrastructure there. And you should see these playing out in the coming quarters and it is very clear it’s an independently managed company out of — in Tata Motors and Tata Motors Finance we’d love to keep it as, from a decision framework separate, but of course, as much synergy as possible they should drive. But intention is to ensure they take their own decisions on credit and decide whom to fund or what to fund.
Their portfolio from a new vehicle perspective is entirely Tata Motors, but their used vehicle portfolio does have sourcing from other OEMs as well, but that’s the market. So we get a fair share of our market, of the vehicle part that is out there. So this is clearly a task for the team there. And I’m sure given that commitment, they will come back on track, it is only a restructured portfolio that is giving us the pain and that is completely related to the pandemic and the fact that we had back-to-back pandemics for two years in a row. The MSME, particularly small commercial vehicles, some IL series and MAH series, those individual fleet operators have been in stressed. So we will need to deal with this and we are committed to deal with it as well. I mean, bring this business back into the pick of health. It needs to get to a double-digit return business, ROE business and we’ll be there.
So I think, it’s more or less done for the day. So thanks everybody. We have no further questions. So thanks everybody for attending the session. And also thanks for the team around the table as well as in JLR for a lively Q&A session and response there. And in case you do have any further queries, don’t hesitate to reach out to us. We’ll try and respond to the best of our abilities. Thank you and have a good day. Take care. Bye-bye.